What is the primary objective of **COPPA**?

**The primary objective of COPPA is to protect the online privacy of children under 13 by requiring verifiable parental consent before operators collect, use, or disclose their personal information.** Enacted in 1998 and effective April 21, 2000, COPPA mandates operators of commercial websites, online services, mobile apps, and IoT devices directed to children—or with actual knowledge of collecting data from them—to post privacy policies, limit data collection to necessities, ensure data security, and grant parents review, deletion, and revocation rights (16 CFR Part 312).

Who is legally or professionally required to comply with **COPPA**?

**Operators of commercial websites, online services, mobile apps, and IoT devices that are directed to children under 13 or have actual knowledge of collecting personal information from them must comply with COPPA.** This includes entities collecting or benefiting from such data (e.g., ad networks), with extraterritorial application to services targeting U.S. children; non-profits are exempt unless commercial activities apply.

Does **COPPA** require an external audit or third-party certification?

**COPPA does not mandate external audits or third-party certification for all operators but allows participation in FTC-approved safe harbor programs, which involve self-regulatory audits.** Examples include iKeepSafe (approved 2014) and ESRB modifications (2018), providing a compliance safe harbor if audited by approved entities.

How often should an assessment for **COPPA** be performed?

**COPPA does not prescribe a fixed frequency for assessments, but operators must conduct ongoing reviews to ensure continuous compliance with evolving data practices and FTC guidance.** Regular internal audits are recommended, particularly after FTC regulatory reviews (e.g., 2019 comment periods) or technology changes like new tracking methods.

What are the consequences of non-compliance with **COPPA**?

**Non-compliance with COPPA results in civil penalties up to $43,792 per violation, enforced by the FTC as unfair or deceptive practices under Section 5 of the FTC Act, with state AGs able to sue.** Notable cases include YouTube's $170 million fine in 2019 for unconsented tracking on child-directed content.

Can **COPPA** be mapped to other international frameworks?

**COPPA serves as a standalone U.S. federal law and is not formally mapped to other international frameworks in its regulations.** However, its parental consent and data minimization principles align conceptually with global child privacy requirements, though operators must address jurisdictional differences independently.

What is the first step to begin implementing **COPPA**?

**The first step to implement COPPA is to conduct an audience analysis to determine if your website, app, or service is directed to children under 13 or has actual knowledge of collecting their data.** This involves reviewing content appeal (e.g., cartoons, games), traffic analytics for behavioral signals, and posting a comprehensive privacy policy outlining data practices.

What is the primary objective of **ISA 95**?

**ISA 95 establishes an international reference architecture for integrating enterprise business systems with manufacturing control systems.** It organizes technology and processes into **Levels 0–4** of the Purdue model, defining activity models, object models (materials, equipment, personnel, production), and information exchanges primarily at the **Level 3 (MES/MOM)–Level 4 (ERP)** interface to reduce integration risk, cost, and errors.

Who is legally or professionally required to comply with **ISA 95**?

**No organization is legally required to comply with ISA 95, as it is a voluntary international standard (ANSI/ISA-95, IEC 62264).** Manufacturing executives, IT/OT architects, system integrators, and MES/ERP vendors in discrete, batch, or continuous industries adopt it professionally to standardize enterprise-control integration and enable consistent semantics across multi-vendor environments.

Does **ISA 95** require an external audit or third-party certification?

**ISA 95 does not require external audits or third-party certification for compliance.** It is demonstrated through architectural alignment with its models (Parts 1–8), consistent use of terminology, and implemented information exchanges; an optional ISA-95/IEC 62264 certificate program exists for training individuals.

How often should an assessment for **ISA 95** be performed?

**ISA 95 assessments should be performed during initial implementation, major system changes, and annually for ongoing governance.** Align with equipment hierarchy updates, integration projects, or standards revisions (e.g., Part 1-2025), ensuring canonical models and alias mappings remain consistent across **Levels 3–4** interfaces.

What are the consequences of non-compliance with **ISA 95**?

**Non-compliance with ISA 95 incurs no direct legal penalties, as it is not mandatory.** Consequences include higher integration costs, data inconsistencies, error-prone interfaces, prolonged project timelines, and challenges scaling manufacturing operations or achieving OEE/traceability goals.

Can **ISA 95** be mapped to other international frameworks?

**Yes, ISA 95 can be mapped to other frameworks via its Purdue levels, activity models, and object semantics.** Its **Level 0–4** hierarchy aligns with Purdue Enterprise Reference Architecture (PERA) and supports cybersecurity segmentation (e.g., extended Purdue with Level 3.5 DMZ), though mappings require governance for semantic consistency.

What is the first step to begin implementing **ISA 95**?

**The first step is mapping current systems and processes to ISA 95's Levels 0–4 and conducting a gap analysis against Parts 1–3 models.** Establish cross-functional governance, define equipment hierarchy (**Enterprise > Site > Area > Unit**), and prioritize **Level 3–4** interface transactions for a pilot.

COPPA vs ISA 95

Standards Comparison

COPPA

Mandatory

1998

US regulation mandating parental consent for children's online data

ISA 95

Voluntary

2000

International standard for enterprise-control system integration.

Quick Verdict

COPPA mandates parental consent for child data collection online, protecting kids under 13 via FTC enforcement. ISA 95 provides voluntary models for manufacturing-ERP integration. Companies adopt COPPA for legal compliance; ISA 95 for efficient IT/OT operations.

Children Privacy

COPPA

Children's Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA)

Cost

€€€€

Complexity

High

Implementation Time

6-12 months

Key Features

Mandates verifiable parental consent before under-13 data collection
Targets child-directed commercial websites, apps, and IoT
Expansive PII including persistent IDs, geolocation, multimedia files
FTC enforcement with $43,792 civil penalties per violation
Parental rights for data access, review, and deletion

Enterprise-Control Integration

ISA 95

ANSI/ISA-95 Enterprise-Control System Integration

Cost

€€€€

Complexity

High

Implementation Time

12-18 months

Key Features

Five-level Purdue hierarchy for system boundaries
Activity models for manufacturing operations management
Object models for equipment, materials, personnel
Standardized transactions between ERP and MES
Alias services for multi-system identifier mapping

Detailed Analysis

A comprehensive look at the specific requirements, scope, and impact of each standard.

COPPA Details

What It Is

Children's Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA), a US federal regulation enacted in 1998 (effective 2000), enforced by the FTC. Protects children under 13 by requiring verifiable parental consent for personal data collection on child-directed commercial websites, apps, and IoT devices, or those with actual knowledge of child users. Employs strict, consent-based approach placing parents in control.

Key Components

**Verifiable Parental Consent (VPC)11+ methods (e.g., credit card, video call) on sliding scale.
Comprehensive privacy policies and notices.
Data minimization, security, retention limits.
Parental access/review/deletion/revocation rights.
Broad PII (names, geolocation, device IDs, audio/video). Safe harbors for self-regulation.

Why Organizations Use It

Legal mandate avoids $43,792/violation fines (e.g., YouTube $170M). Manages risks in edtech/gaming/adtech; builds parental trust; enables US/global operations; supports reputation amid enforcement surge.

Implementation Overview

Analyze audience, post policies, deploy age gates/VPC, audit data practices. Applies to all sizes/locations targeting US kids. No certification but FTC audits/safe harbors; small operators use tools for quick setup, enterprises overhaul systems. (178 words)

ISA 95 Details

What It Is

ISA-95 (ANSI/ISA-95, IEC 62264) is an international reference architecture and information model for integrating enterprise business systems with manufacturing operations. Its primary purpose is reducing integration risks between Level 3 (MES/MOM) and Level 4 (ERP) using a technology-agnostic hierarchical framework based on the Purdue model.

Key Components

Five levels (0-4) defining system boundaries and responsibilities.
Eight parts covering models, terminology, activities, objects, transactions, messaging, aliases, and profiles.
Core principles: semantic consistency, activity models, object hierarchies for equipment/materials/personnel.
Compliance via architectural alignment, no formal product certification but training certificates available.

Why Organizations Use It

Drives cost reduction, error minimization in IT/OT integrations.
Enables data governance, traceability for regulated industries.
Supports Industry 4.0 agility, OEE improvements, cybersecurity segmentation.
Builds stakeholder trust through shared vocabulary.

Implementation Overview

Phased: assessment, modeling, pilot, rollout, governance.
Applies to manufacturing across sizes/industries; focuses on cross-functional teams.
No mandatory audits; self-assessed via models and KPIs. (178 words)

Key Differences

Aspect	COPPA	ISA 95
Scope	Child online privacy under 13	Enterprise-manufacturing system integration
Industry	Online services, apps, edtech global	Manufacturing, discrete/continuous global
Nature	Mandatory US federal regulation FTC	Voluntary reference architecture standard
Testing	FTC audits, safe harbor programs	No formal certification, self-assessments
Penalties	$43k/violation, $170M fines	No legal penalties, operational risks

Scope

COPPA

Child online privacy under 13

ISA 95

Enterprise-manufacturing system integration

Industry

COPPA

Online services, apps, edtech global

ISA 95

Manufacturing, discrete/continuous global

Nature

COPPA

Mandatory US federal regulation FTC

ISA 95

Voluntary reference architecture standard

Testing

COPPA

FTC audits, safe harbor programs

ISA 95

No formal certification, self-assessments

Penalties

COPPA

$43k/violation, $170M fines

ISA 95

No legal penalties, operational risks

Frequently Asked Questions

Common questions about COPPA and ISA 95

COPPA FAQ

ISA 95 FAQ

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COPPA

ISA 95

Quick Verdict

COPPA

Key Features

ISA 95

Key Features

Detailed Analysis

COPPA Details

What It Is

Key Components

Why Organizations Use It

Implementation Overview

ISA 95 Details

What It Is

Key Components

Why Organizations Use It

Implementation Overview

Key Differences

Scope

Industry

Nature

Testing

Penalties

Frequently Asked Questions

COPPA FAQ

What is the primary objective of COPPA?

Who is legally or professionally required to comply with COPPA?

Does COPPA require an external audit or third-party certification?

How often should an assessment for COPPA be performed?

What are the consequences of non-compliance with COPPA?

Can COPPA be mapped to other international frameworks?

What is the first step to begin implementing COPPA?

ISA 95 FAQ

What is the primary objective of ISA 95?

Who is legally or professionally required to comply with ISA 95?

Does ISA 95 require an external audit or third-party certification?

How often should an assessment for ISA 95 be performed?

What are the consequences of non-compliance with ISA 95?

Can ISA 95 be mapped to other international frameworks?

What is the first step to begin implementing ISA 95?

You Might also be Interested in These Articles...

Using CIS Controls v8.1 as a ‘Compliance On-Ramp’: Map One Security Program to NIST CSF, ISO 27001, PCI DSS, and NIS2

5 Ways Modern Compliance Software Makes Evolving Regulations Your Strategic Advantage

Thailand PDPA Enforcement Trends 2025: Analyzing 1,048 Complaints, Breach Volumes, and Hidden Lessons for Proactive Compliance

Run Maturity Assessments with GRADUM

Check out these other Gradum.io Standards Comparison Pages

IATF 16949 vs Basel III

TOGAF vs ISO 27017

ISO 50001 vs ISO 22301