What It Is

The Children's Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA) is a U.S. federal regulation enacted in 1998 and effective April 2000, enforced by the Federal Trade Commission (FTC). It safeguards children under 13 from unauthorized personal data collection by commercial websites, online services, apps, and IoT devices directed to kids or knowingly collecting their data. COPPA's core approach empowers parents via verifiable consent before any collection, use, or disclosure, with 2013 amendments expanding scope to modern tracking technologies.

Key Components

• Verifiable parental consent (VPC) using 11+ methods like credit cards or video calls.
• Broad personal information (PII) definition covering names, persistent identifiers (IPs, device IDs), precise geolocation, and audio/video files.
• Requirements for privacy notices, data security, minimization, retention limits, and parental review/deletion rights.
• Safe harbor programs (e.g., ESRB, iKeepSafe) for audited self-regulation.

Why Organizations Use It

Operators comply to avoid crippling FTC penalties up to $43,792 per violation, as in YouTube's $170M fine. It mitigates enforcement risks, builds parental trust, enables child-safe services globally, and addresses data breach vulnerabilities amid rising kids' online activity.

Implementation Overview

Conduct audience analysis, post comprehensive policies, deploy age gates and VPC mechanisms, ensure data security. Applies to commercial entities worldwide targeting U.S. children, across sizes and sectors like gaming, edtech. No certification needed; focus on self-compliance, audits via safe harbors, and FTC oversight.

What It Is

The WELL Building Standard (WELL v2) is a performance-based certification framework administered by the International WELL Building Institute (IWBI). It focuses on designing, operating, and verifying buildings to advance human health and well-being through evidence-based strategies across indoor environments and organizational policies.

Key Components

• **10 core conceptsAir, Water, Nourishment, Light, Movement, Thermal Comfort, Sound, Materials, Mind, Community (plus Innovation).
• 24 Preconditions (mandatory pass/fail) and 102 Optimizations (point-earning).
• Built on public health research; certification via tiers (Bronze 40 points, Silver 50, Gold 60, Platinum 80) with concept minimums.

Why Organizations Use It

• Enhances occupant health, productivity, and ESG reporting.
• Differentiates assets with verified performance for tenant attraction and higher rents.
• Mitigates risks like poor IEQ; voluntary but market-driven.

Implementation Overview

• Phased: gap analysis, scorecard, documentation, on-site verification, recertification every 3 years.
• Applies to new/existing buildings, all sizes/industries; requires third-party testing.