FISMA
U.S. federal law for risk-based cybersecurity management
ISO 56002
International standard for innovation management systems guidance
Quick Verdict
FISMA mandates risk-based cybersecurity for US federal agencies and contractors via NIST RMF, ensuring compliance and resilience. ISO 56002 provides voluntary guidance for building innovation management systems in any organization, fostering strategic creativity and value creation.
FISMA
Federal Information Security Modernization Act of 2014
Key Features
- Mandates NIST RMF 7-step risk management lifecycle
- Requires continuous monitoring and diagnostics program
- Establishes DHS/CISA operational oversight authority
- Enforces FIPS 199 system impact categorization
- Extends requirements to contractors and supply chains
ISO 56002
ISO 56002:2019 Innovation management system — Guidance
Key Features
- PDCA cycle for continual IMS improvement
- High-Level Structure alignment with ISO standards
- Leadership commitment and policy requirements
- Portfolio management and uncertainty handling
- Tool-agnostic, adaptable guidance framework
Detailed Analysis
A comprehensive look at the specific requirements, scope, and impact of each standard.
FISMA Details
What It Is
Federal Information Security Modernization Act (FISMA) of 2014 is a U.S. federal law mandating risk-based frameworks for protecting federal information systems. It modernizes the 2002 act, emphasizing NIST Risk Management Framework (RMF) for agency-wide security programs preserving confidentiality, integrity, and availability.
Key Components
- **7-step RMFPrepare, Categorize (FIPS 199), Select/Implement (NIST SP 800-53), Assess, Authorize, Monitor.
- Continuous diagnostics, SSPs, POA&Ms, privacy controls.
- Oversight by OMB, DHS/CISA, IGs with maturity metrics. Compliance via annual reporting, no formal certification but ATOs.
Why Organizations Use It
Mandatory for federal agencies/contractors; reduces breach risks, ensures resilience. Enables federal contracts/FedRAMP, builds stakeholder trust, aligns with mission outcomes via strategic risk management.
Implementation Overview
Phased RMF application: governance/inventory, control deployment, assessments, continuous monitoring. Suits agencies, contractors (including cloud); scales by size/complexity with automation, audits by IGs.
ISO 56002 Details
What It Is
ISO 56002:2019 — Innovation management — Innovation management system — Guidance is an international guidance standard providing a framework for establishing, implementing, maintaining, and improving an Innovation Management System (IMS). It applies generically across organizations, focusing on value realization through structured innovation processes using a PDCA (Plan-Do-Check-Act) cycle and High-Level Structure (HLS).
Key Components
- Core clauses (4-10): context, leadership, planning, support, operation, performance evaluation, improvement.
- Eight principles: value realization, leadership, strategic direction, culture, portfolio thinking, uncertainty management, learning, stakeholder engagement.
- Non-prescriptive; no fixed controls, emphasizes adaptability; conformity via self-assessment or third-party audits, not formal certification.
Why Organizations Use It
- Drives strategic innovation governance, reduces 'innovation theater'.
- Enhances competitiveness, risk management, stakeholder trust.
- Integrates with ISO standards like 9001, 27001; voluntary, no legal mandate.
Implementation Overview
- Phased: awareness, gap analysis, design, pilot, scale, sustain.
- Suited for all sizes/sectors; leadership commitment key; 12-18 months typical.
Key Differences
| Aspect | FISMA | ISO 56002 |
|---|---|---|
| Scope | Federal info security & systems protection | Innovation management system guidance |
| Industry | US federal agencies & contractors | All organizations, sectors, sizes globally |
| Nature | Mandatory US federal law | Voluntary guidance standard |
| Testing | Continuous monitoring, IG audits | Internal audits, management reviews |
| Penalties | Contract loss, debarment, directives | No legal penalties |
Scope
Industry
Nature
Testing
Penalties
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about FISMA and ISO 56002
FISMA FAQ
ISO 56002 FAQ
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