IEC 62443
International standard for IACS cybersecurity across lifecycle
GLBA
U.S. regulation for financial privacy notices and safeguards
Quick Verdict
IEC 62443 provides comprehensive OT cybersecurity standards for industrial sectors worldwide, while GLBA mandates privacy notices and security programs for U.S. financial institutions. Companies adopt IEC 62443 for supplier certification and GLBA to avoid FTC penalties.
IEC 62443
IEC 62443: Security for industrial automation and control systems
Key Features
- Shared-responsibility framework across asset owners, integrators, suppliers
- Zone and conduit model for risk-based architectural segmentation
- Security Levels SL-T, SL-C, SL-A for targeted protection
- Seven Foundational Requirements for systems and components
- ISASecure modular certifications (SDLA, CSA, SSA)
GLBA
Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (GLBA)
Key Features
- Mandates privacy notices and opt-out rights for NPI sharing
- Requires comprehensive written information security program
- Designates Qualified Individual with board reporting
- Imposes 30-day FTC breach notification for 500+ consumers
- Mandates service provider oversight and safeguards
Detailed Analysis
A comprehensive look at the specific requirements, scope, and impact of each standard.
IEC 62443 Details
What It Is
IEC 62443 is the international series of standards for securing Industrial Automation and Control Systems (IACS). This consensus-based framework addresses OT cybersecurity across governance, risk assessment, system architecture, and product development. Its risk-based approach uses zones/conduits and Security Levels (SL 0-4) to tailor protections to threats and constraints like availability and safety.
Key Components
- Four groupings: General (-1), Policies (-2), System (-3), Components (-4).
- Seven Foundational Requirements (FR1-7) like authentication, integrity, data flow.
- ~140 component requirements in 62443-4-2; CSMS with maturity levels (ML1-4).
- ISASecure certifications: SDLA (4-1), CSA (4-2), SSA (3-3).
Why Organizations Use It
Mitigates OT risks in critical sectors; enables supplier assurance and procurement specs. Builds stakeholder trust via certifications; supports regulatory alignment (e.g., horizontal standard). Reduces downtime, insurance costs; accelerates IIoT safely.
Implementation Overview
Phased: CSMS governance (2-1), risk assessment/segmentation (3-2), controls (3-3/4-2). Applies to utilities, manufacturing globally. Requires audits, certifications for maturity.
GLBA Details
What It Is
The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (GLBA) is a U.S. federal regulation enacted in 1999. It mandates privacy protections and data safeguards for financial institutions handling nonpublic personal information (NPI). GLBA uses a risk-based approach via the Privacy Rule and Safeguards Rule.
Key Components
- **Privacy Rule (16 C.F.R. Part 313)Initial/annual notices, opt-out for nonaffiliated sharing.
- **Safeguards Rule (16 C.F.R. Part 314)Written security program with administrative, technical, physical safeguards.
- **Pretexting ProvisionsBans false pretenses for obtaining NPI. No fixed controls; emphasizes governance like Qualified Individual designation and board reporting. Compliance via self-audits, FTC enforcement.
Why Organizations Use It
- Mandatory for broad financial entities (banks, non-banks like tax firms).
- Avoids penalties ($100K/violation), builds trust, mitigates breach risks.
- Enhances resilience, vendor oversight, competitive edge in data handling.
Implementation Overview
Phased: scoping, risk assessment, policies, controls (encryption, MFA), testing, training. Applies U.S.-wide to activity-based financial institutions; ongoing, no certification but annual reporting.
Key Differences
| Aspect | IEC 62443 | GLBA |
|---|---|---|
| Scope | IACS/OT cybersecurity lifecycle framework | Consumer financial privacy and data security |
| Industry | Industrial sectors (energy, manufacturing) globally | Financial institutions (banks, non-banks) U.S.-focused |
| Nature | Consensus standards series, voluntary certification | Federal law with FTC enforcement rules, mandatory |
| Testing | ISASecure modular certification, SL capability testing | Annual risk assessments, penetration testing required |
| Penalties | No legal penalties, loss of certification | Civil penalties up to $100K per violation |
Scope
Industry
Nature
Testing
Penalties
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about IEC 62443 and GLBA
IEC 62443 FAQ
GLBA FAQ
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