IEC 62443
International standard for IACS cybersecurity lifecycle frameworks
REACH
EU regulation for chemicals registration, evaluation, authorisation, restriction
Quick Verdict
IEC 62443 provides risk-based cybersecurity framework for industrial control systems globally, while REACH mandates chemical safety registration and restrictions in EU. OT firms adopt IEC 62443 for certification and resilience; chemical firms use REACH for legal market access.
IEC 62443
IEC 62443: Industrial automation and control systems security
Key Features
- Risk-based zones and conduits segmentation model
- Security levels SL-T, SL-C, SL-A triad
- Shared responsibility across asset owners, integrators, suppliers
- Seven foundational requirements FR1-FR7 for systems/components
- Modular ISASecure certification schemes SDLA, CSA, SSA
REACH
Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (REACH)
Key Features
- Shifts burden of proof to industry for chemical risks
- Requires registration dossiers for substances over 1 tonne/year
- SVHC Candidate List triggers communication and notification duties
- Authorisation list manages very high concern substances
- Annex XVII imposes EU-wide restrictions and bans
Detailed Analysis
A comprehensive look at the specific requirements, scope, and impact of each standard.
IEC 62443 Details
What It Is
IEC 62443 is the international series of standards for cybersecurity of Industrial Automation and Control Systems (IACS). It provides a comprehensive, consensus-based framework spanning governance, risk assessment, system architecture, and product development. The primary purpose is securing OT environments with unique constraints like safety, availability, and long lifecycles using a risk-based, defense-in-depth approach via zones/conduits and security levels.
Key Components
- Four groupings: General (-1), Policies (-2), System (-3), Components (-4).
- Seven foundational requirements (FR1-7) mapped to system (SRs) and component requirements (CRs).
- Security levels SL0-4 with SL-T (target), SL-C (capability), SL-A (achieved).
- ISASecure modular certifications: SDLA (4-1), CSA (4-2), SSA (3-3).
Why Organizations Use It
- Mitigates cyber risks to safety and operations.
- Meets regulatory references (e.g., NIS-2, NERC CIP).
- Enables supplier assurance and procurement specs.
- Builds stakeholder trust via certifications; reduces insurance costs.
Implementation Overview
- Phased: governance (2-1 CSMS), risk assessment (3-2), segmentation, controls (3-3/4-2), certification.
- Applies to critical infrastructure across sectors globally.
- Requires audits, maturity levels (ML1-4); multi-year for large orgs.
REACH Details
What It Is
REACH (Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006) is a directly applicable EU regulation governing the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals. Its primary purpose is to ensure a high level of protection for human health and the environment from chemical risks by shifting responsibility to industry for generating and managing safety data. Scope covers substances, mixtures, and certain articles across the supply chain, using a risk-based lifecycle approach.
Key Components
- Four pillars: Registration (>1 tonne/year dossiers), Evaluation (dossier/substance checks), Authorisation (SVHC permissions via Annex XIV), Restriction (bans/limits via Annex XVII).
- 17 technical annexes detailing data requirements, SDS rules, exemptions.
- Built on precautionary principles, data-sharing (consortia), and continuous updates.
- No central certification; compliance via ECHA submissions and national enforcement.
Why Organizations Use It
- Legal obligation for EU market access; penalties for non-compliance.
- Manages risks, ensures supply-chain transparency, drives substitution.
- Enhances competitiveness, innovation, ESG reporting, and stakeholder trust.
Implementation Overview
- Phased: gap analysis, inventory, dossiers, monitoring.
- Applies to manufacturers/importers/downstream users; all sizes, chemical-dependent industries, EU/EEA.
- Ongoing audits, no formal certification but inspection readiness essential. (178 words)
Key Differences
| Aspect | IEC 62443 | REACH |
|---|---|---|
| Scope | IACS/OT cybersecurity lifecycle framework | Chemical registration, evaluation, authorisation, restriction |
| Industry | Industrial automation, critical infrastructure globally | Chemicals, manufacturing, articles in EU/EEA |
| Nature | Voluntary consensus standards series | Mandatory EU regulation with legal enforcement |
| Testing | ISASecure modular certifications, SL assessments | Dossier submissions, compliance checks, substance evaluations |
| Penalties | Loss of certification, no legal penalties | Fines, market bans, criminal sanctions by Member States |
Scope
Industry
Nature
Testing
Penalties
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about IEC 62443 and REACH
IEC 62443 FAQ
REACH FAQ
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