ISO 37301
Certifiable international standard for compliance management systems
FedRAMP
U.S. program standardizing federal cloud security assessment and authorization
Quick Verdict
ISO 37301 provides certifiable compliance management for global organizations, while FedRAMP mandates rigorous cloud security authorization for US federal contracts. Companies adopt ISO 37301 for integrity culture and risk management; FedRAMP unlocks government revenue but demands continuous monitoring.
ISO 37301
ISO 37301:2021 Compliance management systems requirements
Key Features
- Certifiable requirements replacing guidance-only ISO 19600
- High-Level Structure for IMS integration
- Risk-based compliance obligations assessment
- Leadership commitment and culture emphasis
- Whistleblowing protections with anti-retaliation
FedRAMP
Federal Risk and Authorization Management Program
Key Features
- Assess once, use many times reusability across agencies
- NIST 800-53 Rev 5 controls at Low/Moderate/High baselines
- Independent 3PAO security assessments and audits
- Continuous monitoring with quarterly scans and annual SARs
- FIPS 199 impact categorization for tailored baselines
Detailed Analysis
A comprehensive look at the specific requirements, scope, and impact of each standard.
ISO 37301 Details
What It Is
ISO 37301:2021, officially Compliance management systems – Requirements with guidance for use, is a certifiable international standard for establishing, implementing, maintaining, and improving a Compliance Management System (CMS). Applicable to all organization sizes and sectors, it uses a risk-based approach via Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) and High-Level Structure (HLS) for integration.
Key Components
Core elements include leadership commitment, risk assessment of obligations, resource allocation, competence building, operational controls, whistleblowing channels, performance monitoring, internal audits, management reviews, and continual improvement. It features mandatory requirements across HLS clauses, enabling third-party certification by accredited bodies like ANAB.
Why Organizations Use It
Drives regulatory compliance, reduces fines and reputational risks, fosters integrity culture, meets stakeholder demands, supports ESG/SDGs, and provides certification for competitive edge and investor trust. Enhances resilience amid complex regulations.
Implementation Overview
Phased approach: context analysis, obligation register, controls embedding, training, audits, certification. Scalable for SMEs to enterprises; involves accredited audits in 3-year cycles with surveillance.
FedRAMP Details
What It Is
FedRAMP (Federal Risk and Authorization Management Program) is a U.S. government-wide standardized framework for security assessment, authorization, and continuous monitoring of cloud services used by federal agencies. Its primary purpose is to enable "assess once, use many times," reducing duplication while ensuring NIST SP 800-53-based risk management across Low, Moderate, and High impact levels.
Key Components
- NIST SP 800-53 Rev 5 controls tailored into baselines (~156 Low, ~323 Moderate, ~410 High; LI-SaaS subset).
- Core artifacts: SSP, SAR, POA&M, continuous monitoring plans.
- 3PAO independent assessments; four-phase process (Sponsor, Preparation, Assessment, Monitoring).
- Built on FIPS 199 categorization; compliance via Agency or Program Authorization.
Why Organizations Use It
- Unlocks $20M+ federal contracts; required for CMMC-compliant vendors.
- Builds trust, differentiates in commercial markets; reduces agency-specific audits.
- Enhances risk management, revenue potential; strategic for cloud providers.
Implementation Overview
- Involves gap analysis, documentation, 3PAO audits, remediation (12-18 months typical).
- Targets CSPs pursuing U.S. federal work; high resource needs (staffing, tooling).
- No central certification; ongoing continuous monitoring post-authorization.
Key Differences
| Aspect | ISO 37301 | FedRAMP |
|---|---|---|
| Scope | Compliance management systems (CMS) across all obligations | Cloud security assessment and authorization for federal use |
| Industry | All sectors, global, all organization sizes | Cloud providers targeting US federal agencies |
| Nature | Voluntary certifiable international standard | Mandatory US government authorization program |
| Testing | Accredited certification body audits, continual evaluation | 3PAO independent assessments, continuous monitoring |
| Penalties | Loss of certification, no legal penalties | Revocation of authorization, contract ineligibility |
Scope
Industry
Nature
Testing
Penalties
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about ISO 37301 and FedRAMP
ISO 37301 FAQ
FedRAMP FAQ
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