K-PIPA
South Korea's stringent regulation for personal data protection
ISA 95
International standard for enterprise-control system integration.
Quick Verdict
K-PIPA mandates strict data privacy for Korean operations, enforcing consent and breach notifications with heavy fines. ISA 95 is a voluntary framework guiding manufacturing IT/OT integration for efficiency. Companies adopt K-PIPA for legal compliance, ISA 95 for seamless enterprise-plant data flows.
K-PIPA
Personal Information Protection Act
Key Features
- Mandatory Chief Privacy Officer for all data handlers
- Granular explicit consent for sensitive data transfers
- 72-hour breach notifications to subjects and regulators
- Extraterritorial scope targeting foreign entities monitoring Koreans
- Fines up to 3% of annual global revenue
ISA 95
ANSI/ISA-95 Enterprise-Control System Integration
Key Features
- Defines Purdue Levels 0-4 for system boundaries
- Activity models for manufacturing operations management
- Object models for equipment, materials, personnel
- Standardized transactions between Levels 3 and 4
- Alias services for multi-system identifier mapping
Detailed Analysis
A comprehensive look at the specific requirements, scope, and impact of each standard.
K-PIPA Details
What It Is
K-PIPA (Personal Information Protection Act) is South Korea's comprehensive data protection regulation, enacted in 2011 with major amendments in 2020, 2023, and 2024. It governs collection, use, storage, transfer, and destruction of personal information by public and private entities, including foreign operators targeting Korean residents. Its consent-centric, risk-based approach emphasizes transparency, purpose limitation, and data minimization, with extraterritorial reach per PIPC guidelines.
Key Components
- Core principles: explicit granular consent, security safeguards, data subject rights (access, erasure, portability within 10 days).
- Mandatory Chief Privacy Officer (CPO) appointment, enhanced independence for large entities.
- Breach notifications (72 hours), cross-border transfer consents or certifications (e.g., ISMS-P).
- Enforcement by PIPC with fines up to 3% revenue; no certification but compliance via audits and guidelines.
Why Organizations Use It
Legal mandate for data handlers avoids fines (e.g., Google's KRW 70B penalty), mitigates risks from breaches, builds trust in privacy-sensitive markets. Enables EU adequacy flows, supports innovation via pseudonymization.
Implementation Overview
Phased: gap analysis, CPO governance, technical controls (encryption, logs), training, vendor DPAs. Applies to all sizes/sectors processing Korean data; ongoing PIPC-monitored compliance, no formal certification.
ISA 95 Details
What It Is
ISA-95 (ANSI/ISA-95, IEC 62264) is an international framework for integrating enterprise business systems like ERP with manufacturing operations and control systems like MES. Its primary purpose is to define consistent information models, hierarchies, and interfaces across manufacturing layers. It uses a model-based approach with Purdue levels (0-4) focusing on semantic alignment at the Level 3-4 boundary.
Key Components
- Hierarchical Purdue model (Levels 0-4: process to business planning)
- Activity models (Part 3: production, quality, maintenance)
- Object models (Parts 2/4: equipment, materials, personnel)
- Eight parts covering models, transactions (Part 5), messaging (Part 6), aliases (Part 7)
- No formal certification; compliance via architectural alignment
Why Organizations Use It
Reduces integration risks, costs, errors; enables data consistency for OEE, traceability. Voluntary but essential for IT/OT convergence, Industry 4.0. Builds stakeholder trust through shared vocabulary; competitive edge in agility, analytics.
Implementation Overview
Phased: assessment, canonical modeling, pilot, rollout. Applies to manufacturing firms globally; involves governance, training. No mandatory audits; self-assessed via models and KPIs. (178 words)
Key Differences
| Aspect | K-PIPA | ISA 95 |
|---|---|---|
| Scope | Personal data protection and privacy | Enterprise-manufacturing system integration |
| Industry | All sectors handling Korean data | Manufacturing and industrial automation |
| Nature | Mandatory national privacy law | Voluntary integration framework |
| Testing | Security audits and breach response | No formal testing; conformance optional |
| Penalties | 3% revenue fines, imprisonment | No penalties; operational risks only |
Scope
Industry
Nature
Testing
Penalties
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about K-PIPA and ISA 95
K-PIPA FAQ
ISA 95 FAQ
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