What It Is

The NIS2 Directive (Directive (EU) 2022/2555) is an EU regulation expanding the original NIS Directive to achieve a high common level of cybersecurity across member states. It targets essential and important entities in broadened sectors like energy, transport, health, and digital infrastructure, using a risk-based approach with size-cap rules for medium/large organizations.

Key Components

• **Risk managementOngoing assessments, supply chain security, access controls, encryption.
• **Incident reporting24-hour early warning, 72-hour detailed report, one-month final report.
• **Corporate accountabilitySenior management directly responsible.
• **Business continuityResilience and recovery plans. Built on standards like ISO 27001 and NIST CSF, it emphasizes continuous assurance via spot checks, without formal certification but with national enforcement.

Why Organizations Use It

Mandatory for covered EU entities to avoid fines up to 2% global turnover. Enhances cyber resilience, ensures service continuity, builds stakeholder trust, and provides competitive edges through proactive security amid rising threats.

Implementation Overview

Conduct gap analysis, implement measures, register with authorities, train staff. Applies to 50+ employee entities in critical sectors; timelines vary by member state post-October 2024 transposition. Focuses on enterprise-wide transformation with ongoing monitoring.

What It Is

LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) is a voluntary green building certification framework developed by the U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC). It provides a performance-based rating system for sustainable design, construction, and operations across building types and life cycles. Its primary purpose is to promote healthier, efficient buildings reducing environmental impacts via prerequisites and points-based credits.

Key Components

• Core categories: Sustainable Sites, Water Efficiency, Energy & Atmosphere, Materials & Resources, Indoor Environmental Quality, Innovation, Regional Priority.
• Up to 110 points total; prerequisites mandatory, credits elective.
• Built on holistic principles like energy modeling, commissioning, and third-party verification by GBCI.
• Certification tiers: Certified (40-49), Silver (50-59), Gold (60-79), Platinum (80+).

Why Organizations Use It

• Drives cost savings, risk mitigation, ESG compliance.
• Enhances asset value, tenant attraction, regulatory incentives.
• Builds reputation via credible sustainability signaling.

Implementation Overview

• Phased: initiation, design, construction, verification, operations.
• Applies to all sizes/industries globally; requires registration, documentation, GBCI review.
• O+M enables recertification for sustained performance.