OSHA
US federal regulation for workplace safety standards
WELL
Global certification for occupant health in buildings
Quick Verdict
OSHA mandates workplace safety through enforceable regulations and inspections to prevent injuries, while WELL is a voluntary certification optimizing buildings for occupant health via performance testing. Companies adopt OSHA for legal compliance; WELL for productivity, retention, and ESG differentiation.
OSHA
Occupational Safety and Health Standards (29 CFR 1910)
Key Features
- Enforces standards via inspections, citations, and penalties
- General Duty Clause covers recognized serious hazards
- Hierarchy of controls prioritizes engineering over PPE
- Mandates injury/illness recordkeeping and electronic reporting
- State plans ensure equivalent or stricter protections
WELL
WELL Building Standard v2
Key Features
- Mandatory on-site performance verification testing
- 10 core health concepts with preconditions/optimizations
- Point-based certification tiers Bronze-Platinum
- Continuous monitoring compliance pathways
- Crosswalks with LEED for dual certification
Detailed Analysis
A comprehensive look at the specific requirements, scope, and impact of each standard.
OSHA Details
What It Is
OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) is a US federal agency under the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970, enforcing workplace safety and health standards codified in 29 CFR 1910 for general industry. Its primary purpose is assuring safe working conditions nationwide via standards enforcement, inspections, and the General Duty Clause for recognized hazards. It uses a performance-based, hierarchy-of-controls approach prioritizing elimination and engineering.
Key Components
- Subparts A-Z covering walking surfaces, PPE, HazCom, LOTO, toxic substances.
- Over 1,000 detailed requirements plus recordkeeping (29 CFR 1904).
- Core principles: specific standards precedence, General Duty Clause, worker rights.
- Enforcement model with citations, penalties up to $165k, OSHRC adjudication.
Why Organizations Use It
- Mandatory compliance avoids fines, shutdowns, litigation.
- Reduces injuries, workers' comp costs, boosts productivity.
- Enhances reputation, meets ESG, supply-chain demands.
Implementation Overview
- Phased: gap analysis, written programs (IIPP), training, audits.
- Applies to most private employers; state plans in 22 states.
- No certification; ongoing inspections, electronic ITA reporting.
WELL Details
What It Is
WELL Building Standard (WELL v2) is a performance-based certification framework administered by the International WELL Building Institute (IWBI). It focuses on designing, operating, and verifying buildings to advance human health and well-being through evidence-based strategies. Its people-first approach emphasizes measurable indoor environmental quality and organizational policies across new and existing buildings.
Key Components
- **10 core conceptsAir, Water, Nourishment, Light, Movement, Thermal Comfort, Sound, Materials, Mind, Community (plus Innovation).
- 24 Preconditions (mandatory pass/fail) and 102 Optimizations (point-earning).
- Built on public health research; certification via Bronze (40 points) to Platinum (80 points) with concept minimums.
Why Organizations Use It
- Drives occupant productivity, retention, and ESG reporting.
- Mitigates health risks; complements LEED for dual benefits.
- Enhances market value, rents, and reputation via verified outcomes.
Implementation Overview
- Phased: gap analysis, scorecard, documentation, on-site performance verification, recertification every 3 years.
- Applies to all building types; requires cross-functional teams and third-party testing.
Key Differences
| Aspect | OSHA | WELL |
|---|---|---|
| Scope | Workplace safety, health hazards, recordkeeping | Building health, air/water quality, well-being |
| Industry | All US industries, general/construction/agriculture | Buildings worldwide, offices/residential/commercial |
| Nature | Mandatory federal regulations with enforcement | Voluntary performance-based certification |
| Testing | Inspections, injury logs, electronic reporting | On-site performance verification, continuous monitoring |
| Penalties | Civil fines up to $165k, criminal for willful | No penalties, loss of certification/recognition |
Scope
Industry
Nature
Testing
Penalties
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about OSHA and WELL
OSHA FAQ
WELL FAQ
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