RoHS
EU regulation restricting hazardous substances in EEE
Basel III
Global framework for bank capital, leverage, and liquidity standards.
Quick Verdict
RoHS restricts hazardous substances in electronics for EU market access, while Basel III mandates capital and liquidity standards for banks' financial resilience. Manufacturers comply with RoHS for legal sales; banks adopt Basel III to ensure stability and avoid supervisory penalties.
RoHS
Directive 2011/65/EU (RoHS 2) on hazardous substances
Key Features
- Restricts 10 hazardous substances at 0.1% in homogeneous materials
- Open-scope covers all EEE unless explicitly excluded
- Time-limited exemptions renewed via delegated acts
- Requires technical file and EU Declaration of Conformity
- Enhances EEE recyclability alongside WEEE Directive
Basel III
Basel III
Key Features
- Strengthened CET1 capital minimums and conservation buffers
- Non-risk-based leverage ratio backstop at 3%
- Liquidity Coverage Ratio for 30-day stress survival
- Net Stable Funding Ratio for one-year stability
- Enhanced Pillar 3 disclosures for RWA comparability
Detailed Analysis
A comprehensive look at the specific requirements, scope, and impact of each standard.
RoHS Details
What It Is
RoHS (Directive 2011/65/EU, recast as RoHS 2, amended by 2015/863) is an EU regulation restricting hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment (EEE). Its primary purpose is protecting health and environment by limiting substances during waste management, improving recyclability. Scope covers all EEE unless excluded; applies thresholds to homogeneous materials via risk-based compliance.
Key Components
- Restricts 10 substances (Pb, Cd, Hg, Cr(VI), PBB, PBDE, 4 phthalates) at 0.1% (Cd 0.01%).
- Annexes III/IV for time-limited exemptions.
- Built on **New Legislative Frameworktechnical documentation, EU Declaration of Conformity (DoC), CE marking.
- Compliance model: documentary (IEC 63000) plus targeted testing (IEC 62321).
Why Organizations Use It
Ensures EU market access, avoids fines/recalls. Drives supply chain governance, substitution innovation, ESG benefits. Mitigates risks from decentralized enforcement; builds stakeholder trust via recyclability.
Implementation Overview
Phased: scope analysis, BoM review, supplier declarations, testing (XRF/ICP-MS), technical files. Applies to manufacturers/importers of EEE globally selling to EU; 6-18 months typical, ongoing monitoring required. No central certification; auditable by Member States.
Basel III Details
What It Is
Basel III is the international regulatory framework developed by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS) post-global financial crisis. It sets prudential standards for banks, focusing on enhancing capital quality and quantity, constraining leverage, and ensuring liquidity resilience. The approach combines risk-weighted assets (RWA) with non-risk-based backstops like leverage and liquidity ratios.
Key Components
- **Pillar 1Minimum capital ratios (CET1 4.5%, Tier 1 6%, Total 8%), plus buffers (conservation 2.5%, countercyclical, G-SIB/D-SIB); leverage ratio ≥3%; LCR and NSFR liquidity standards.
- **Pillar 2Supervisory review and ICAAP.
- **Pillar 3Standardized disclosures for RWA comparability. Built on three-pillar structure; compliance via national implementation, no central certification.
Why Organizations Use It
Banks adopt for regulatory compliance (mandatory in most jurisdictions), improved resilience against shocks, reduced systemic risk, and better market discipline. Benefits include stronger balance sheets, funding cost reductions, and competitive positioning through robust risk management.
Implementation Overview
Phased approach: gap analysis, data/system builds, model validation, training. Applies to internationally active banks globally; involves governance, IT transformation, and ongoing reporting. No formal certification but supervisory audits and RCAP assessments.
Key Differences
| Aspect | RoHS | Basel III |
|---|---|---|
| Scope | Hazardous substances in EEE materials | Bank capital, leverage, liquidity ratios |
| Industry | Electronics manufacturing, global | Banking sector, international banks |
| Nature | Mandatory EU product regulation | Global prudential banking standards |
| Testing | XRF screening, IEC 62321 lab tests | Stress tests, ICAAP, RWA calculations |
| Penalties | Fines, recalls, market bans | Fines, asset caps, dividend restrictions |
Scope
Industry
Nature
Testing
Penalties
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about RoHS and Basel III
RoHS FAQ
Basel III FAQ
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