What It Is

COBIT 2019 is ISACA's comprehensive framework for enterprise governance and management of information and technology (EGIT). It helps organizations create value from IT, manage risk, and optimize resources by translating stakeholder needs into actionable objectives via a tailored design approach using 11 design factors and goals cascade.

Key Components

• **5 domainsEDM (governance), APO (align/plan), BAI (build/implement), DSS (deliver/support), MEA (monitor/assess)
• 40 governance and management objectives in core model
• 6 governance system principles; 7 components (processes, structures, information, culture, skills, infrastructure)
• CMMI-based performance management (capability levels 0-5); ISACA training certificates available

Why Organizations Use It

• Aligns IT strategy with business via goals cascade
• Supports compliance/audit (SOX, GDPR alignments)
• Enables risk-optimized decisions and digital transformation
• Builds stakeholder trust through measurable outcomes
• Provides competitive edge in regulated industries

Implementation Overview

• **Phasedassess maturity, design scope, pilot objectives, deploy, monitor via MEA
• Involves training, RACI matrices, dashboards
• Applies to medium-large enterprises globally, all sectors
• No formal certification; focuses on self-assurance

What It Is

Basel III is the global prudential regulatory framework issued by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS) following the 2007-2009 financial crisis. As a non-binding international standard, it strengthens bank resilience by enhancing capital quality and quantity, introducing leverage and liquidity constraints, and improving risk measurement comparability. Its risk-based methodology integrates standardized and internal model approaches with simple backstops.

Key Components

• **Pillar 1Capital ratios (CET1 ≥4.5%, Tier 1 ≥6%, Total ≥8% of RWA), conservation/countercyclical/G-SIB buffers, 3% leverage ratio, LCR/NSFR liquidity standards.
• **Pillar 2Supervisory review (ICAAP, stress testing).
• **Pillar 3Granular disclosures for RWA, leverage, buffers (e.g., KM1, LR1, CDC templates). No fixed controls count; compliance via jurisdictional rules and RCAP assessments.

Why Organizations Use It

Banks implement for mandatory national compliance, avoiding fines/restrictions. It boosts resilience, reduces leverage excesses, lowers funding costs via market trust, and shapes strategic asset allocation. Enhances competitiveness through optimized capital/liquidity.

Implementation Overview

Phased enterprise transformation: gap analysis, data/IT upgrades, governance, training. Targets internationally active banks globally; varies by jurisdiction/size. No certification; audited via reporting/disclosures/supervision.