What is the primary objective of **COPPA**?

**The primary objective of COPPA is to protect the privacy of children under 13 by requiring verifiable parental consent before operators collect, use, or disclose their personal information online.** Enacted in 1998 and effective April 21, 2000, COPPA targets commercial websites, online services, mobile apps, and IoT devices directed to children or with actual knowledge of collecting data from them, administered by the FTC under 16 CFR Part 312.

Who is legally or professionally required to comply with **COPPA**?

**Operators of commercial websites, online services, mobile apps, and IoT devices that are directed to children under 13 or have actual knowledge of collecting personal information from them must comply with COPPA.** This includes entities collecting or benefiting from such data, like ad networks, with extraterritorial application to services processing U.S. children's data; non-profits are exempt if not commercial.

Does **COPPA** require an external audit or third-party certification?

**COPPA does not mandate external audits or third-party certification for all operators, but participation in FTC-approved safe harbor programs involves self-regulatory audits by entities like iKeepSafe or ESRB.** Operators must ensure data security, post privacy policies, and obtain verifiable parental consent, with safe harbors providing a compliance alternative subject to FTC oversight.

How often should an assessment for **COPPA** be performed?

**COPPA does not prescribe a fixed frequency for assessments, but operators should conduct ongoing reviews, particularly after FTC regulatory updates like the 2013 amendments or periodic civil penalty adjustments.** Regular evaluations are essential for audience analysis, consent mechanisms, and data practices amid evolving enforcement, such as post-2019 YouTube precedents.

What are the consequences of non-compliance with **COPPA**?

**Non-compliance with COPPA results in civil penalties up to $43,792 per violation, enforced by the FTC as unfair or deceptive practices under Section 5 of the FTC Act, with state AGs able to sue.** Landmark cases include YouTube's $170 million fine in 2019 for unconsented tracking on child-directed content, plus reputational damage and injunctive relief.

Can **COPPA** be mapped to other international frameworks?

**Yes, COPPA's parental consent, data minimization, and security requirements can be mapped to other international frameworks focused on child privacy, though it remains a standalone U.S. federal law.** Its under-13 threshold and persistent identifier definitions (e.g., IP addresses, geolocation) align conceptually with global standards, aiding multinational operators.

What is the first step to begin implementing **COPPA**?

**The first step to implement COPPA is to conduct an audience analysis to determine if your service is directed to children under 13 or has actual knowledge of their data collection.** This triggers posting a comprehensive privacy policy, implementing age screens, and securing verifiable parental consent mechanisms like credit card verification or video calls.

What is the primary objective of **AS9110C**?

**AS9110C’s primary objective is to enable aviation maintenance organizations to consistently provide products and services meeting customer and applicable statutory/regulatory requirements while enhancing customer satisfaction through effective QMS application and continual improvement.** It incorporates ISO 9001:2015’s Annex SL structure (Clauses 4–10) with maintenance-specific additions like configuration management, counterfeit parts prevention, product safety, traceability, preservation, and human factors controls to ensure continuing airworthiness in repair stations and MRO providers.

Who is legally or professionally required to comply with **AS9110C**?

**AS9110C applies to aviation maintenance organizations, including repair stations, MRO providers, and OEMs with autonomous MRO operations, regardless of size or type.** It targets entities providing maintenance, repair, overhaul, or continuing airworthiness services for civil/military aircraft, where certification is often mandated by customers, OEMs, or competent authorities for OASIS listing and supply-chain access.

Does **AS9110C** require an external audit or third-party certification?

**Yes, AS9110C requires third-party certification through accredited bodies, with initial Stage 1/2 audits after QMS operationalization, followed by annual surveillance and triennial recertification.** The QMS must be fully operational for at least three months, including a full internal audit cycle and management review, before certification eligibility.

How often should an assessment for **AS9110C** be performed?

**AS9110C requires internal audits at planned intervals based on process risk, status, and results, with management reviews at least annually or when significant changes occur.** Critical processes like configuration management and maintenance release demand higher frequency; full certification audits occur every three years, with annual surveillance.

What are the consequences of non-compliance with **AS9110C**?

**Non-compliance with AS9110C risks loss of certification, exclusion from OEM contracts and OASIS, regulatory sanctions like repair station certificate suspension, and safety incidents from poor traceability or counterfeit parts.** It can lead to rework, AOG events, litigation, fines up to $100k/day under aviation regs, and market ineligibility.

Can **AS9110C** be mapped to other international frameworks?

**Yes, AS9110C uses ISO 9001:2015’s Annex SL high-level structure, enabling direct mapping to compatible standards via shared Clauses 4–10.** Its terminology (“documented information,” “external providers”) and PDCA/risk-based thinking align seamlessly, supporting integrated management systems while prioritizing regulatory/customer overrides.

What is the first step to begin implementing **AS9110C**?

**The first step is to define QMS scope, determine internal/external issues and interested parties, and conduct a gap analysis against Clauses 4–10 using IAQG checklists.** Justify any non-applicable requirements, map regulatory approvals (e.g., FAA/EASA Part 145), and prioritize high-risk gaps like operational planning (Clause 8).

COPPA vs AS9110C

Standards Comparison

COPPA

Mandatory

1998

US regulation requiring parental consent for children's online data

AS9110C

Mandatory

2016

International QMS standard for aviation maintenance organizations.

Quick Verdict

COPPA mandates parental consent for kids' online data to protect privacy, enforced by FTC fines. AS9110C certifies aerospace MRO quality for airworthiness. Companies adopt COPPA for legal compliance, AS9110C for contracts and safety.

Children Privacy

COPPA

Children's Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA)

Cost

€€€€

Complexity

High

Implementation Time

6-12 months

Key Features

Mandates verifiable parental consent prior to data collection
Targets operators serving children under 13 years old
Expansive personal information definition includes persistent IDs
Requires parental access review and data deletion rights
Imposes FTC enforcement with $43,792 per-violation fines

Quality Management

AS9110C

AS9110C Quality Management Systems for Aviation Maintenance

Cost

€€€€

Complexity

High

Implementation Time

6-12 months

Key Features

Risk-based thinking in operational planning
Configuration management and traceability controls
Counterfeit and suspect parts prevention
Product safety and human factors integration
Maintenance release and external provider oversight

Detailed Analysis

A comprehensive look at the specific requirements, scope, and impact of each standard.

COPPA Details

What It Is

Children's Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA), enacted in 1998 and effective 2000, is a US federal regulation enforced by the FTC. It safeguards children under 13 from unauthorized personal data collection by commercial websites, apps, and services directed to kids or with actual knowledge of users' age. Primary purpose: empower parents via verifiable parental consent (VPC) before collection, use, or disclosure. Risk-based scope targets operators worldwide handling US children's data.

Key Components

VPC mechanisms (11+ methods like credit cards, video calls)
Broad personal information (PII) definition: names, geolocation, persistent IDs, audio/video
Privacy notices, parental access/review/deletion rights
Data minimization, security, and no-conditioning rules
Safe harbor self-regulatory programs (e.g., ESRB, iKeepSafe) Built on parental control principles; FTC-enforced, no formal certification.

Why Organizations Use It

Mandatory compliance avoids crippling fines ($43,792/violation; YouTube $170M). Mitigates privacy risks, breach exposures. Builds parental/stakeholder trust in kids' gaming, edtech, apps. Strategic for US-market access, global deterrence. Enhances reputation amid rising enforcement.

Implementation Overview

Assess child-directed status, deploy age gates/VPC, post policies, minimize data, secure systems. Key activities: audits, third-party reviews, training. Applies to all sizes in relevant sectors, extraterritorially. Ongoing monitoring; leverage safe harbors for streamlined compliance.

AS9110C Details

What It Is

AS9110C (AS9110:2016 Rev C) is an international quality management system (QMS) standard for aviation maintenance organizations (MROs), repair stations, and continuing airworthiness providers. It builds on ISO 9001:2015 with aerospace-specific requirements using Annex SL high-level structure and risk-based thinking via PDCA cycle.

Key Components

Core clauses (4–10): context, leadership, planning, support, operation, evaluation, improvement.
Aviation additions: configuration management, product safety, counterfeit parts prevention, traceability, human factors.
Follows ISO 9001 baseline with ~28 supplemental requirements; certification via accredited bodies like IAQG OASIS.

Why Organizations Use It

Ensures continuing airworthiness and regulatory compliance (FAA/EASA).
Meets customer/OEM contracts; reduces safety risks and operational errors.
Drives on-time delivery, customer satisfaction; enhances market access and resilience.

Implementation Overview

Phased: gap analysis, process design, training, audits (6–12 months typical).
Applies to MROs globally; requires internal audits, management review, Stage 1/2 certification.

Key Differences

Aspect	COPPA	AS9110C
Scope	Children's online privacy protection under 13	Aerospace MRO quality management systems
Industry	Online services, apps, websites globally	Aviation maintenance organizations worldwide
Nature	Mandatory US federal law, FTC enforced	Voluntary certification standard, IAQG/SAE
Testing	FTC audits, compliance reviews, safe harbors	Internal audits, certification body Stage 1/2
Penalties	$43,792 per violation, FTC fines	Loss of certification, market exclusion

Scope

COPPA

Children's online privacy protection under 13

AS9110C

Aerospace MRO quality management systems

Industry

COPPA

Online services, apps, websites globally

AS9110C

Aviation maintenance organizations worldwide

Nature

COPPA

Mandatory US federal law, FTC enforced

AS9110C

Voluntary certification standard, IAQG/SAE

Testing

COPPA

FTC audits, compliance reviews, safe harbors

AS9110C

Internal audits, certification body Stage 1/2

Penalties

COPPA

$43,792 per violation, FTC fines

AS9110C

Loss of certification, market exclusion

Frequently Asked Questions

Common questions about COPPA and AS9110C

COPPA FAQ

AS9110C FAQ

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COPPA

AS9110C

Quick Verdict

COPPA

Key Features

AS9110C

Key Features

Detailed Analysis

COPPA Details

What It Is

Key Components

Why Organizations Use It

Implementation Overview

AS9110C Details

What It Is

Key Components

Why Organizations Use It

Implementation Overview

Key Differences

Scope

Industry

Nature

Testing

Penalties

Frequently Asked Questions

COPPA FAQ

What is the primary objective of COPPA?

Who is legally or professionally required to comply with COPPA?

Does COPPA require an external audit or third-party certification?

How often should an assessment for COPPA be performed?

What are the consequences of non-compliance with COPPA?

Can COPPA be mapped to other international frameworks?

What is the first step to begin implementing COPPA?

AS9110C FAQ

What is the primary objective of AS9110C?

Who is legally or professionally required to comply with AS9110C?

Does AS9110C require an external audit or third-party certification?

How often should an assessment for AS9110C be performed?

What are the consequences of non-compliance with AS9110C?

Can AS9110C be mapped to other international frameworks?

What is the first step to begin implementing AS9110C?

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Run Maturity Assessments with GRADUM

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ISO 27032 vs Basel III

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