ISO 22000
International standard for food safety management systems
CMMI
Global framework for process maturity and improvement
Quick Verdict
ISO 22000 ensures food safety via HACCP-integrated FSMS for food chain organizations, while CMMI drives process maturity for software/services via staged appraisals. Companies adopt ISO 22000 for compliance/market access; CMMI for predictable delivery and competitive bidding.
ISO 22000
ISO 22000:2018 Food safety management systems
Key Features
- Adopts High-Level Structure (HLS) for system integration
- Dual PDCA cycles: organizational and operational hazard control
- Integrates HACCP principles with management system discipline
- Systematic PRP, OPRP, CCP categorization via hazard analysis
- Risk-based thinking distinguishing enterprise and food hazards
CMMI
Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI)
Key Features
- Maturity levels 0-5 for organizational progression
- 25 practice areas in 4 category areas
- SCAMPI Class A/B/C appraisals for benchmarking
- Staged and continuous representations available
- Generic practices for process institutionalization
Detailed Analysis
A comprehensive look at the specific requirements, scope, and impact of each standard.
ISO 22000 Details
What It Is
ISO 22000:2018 is an international certification standard for Food Safety Management Systems (FSMS). It provides a systematic framework for organizations in the food chain to prevent hazards, ensure safe products, and meet regulatory/customer requirements. Scope covers farm-to-fork entities, using risk-based thinking, HACCP principles, and High-Level Structure (HLS) for integration.
Key Components
- **Clauses 4-10Context, leadership, planning, support, operation, evaluation, improvement.
- **Core elementsPRPs, hazard analysis, OPRPs/CCPs, traceability, communication, validation/verification.
- Built on dual PDCA cycles and Codex HACCP.
- Voluntary certification via accredited bodies with staged audits.
Why Organizations Use It
- Mitigates recalls, litigation, brand damage.
- Enables market access, GFSI schemes like FSSC 22000.
- Builds supply-chain trust, operational efficiency.
- Integrates with ISO 9001/14001 for governance.
Implementation Overview
Phased approach: gap analysis, PRPs/hazard plans, training, audits. Applies to all sizes/industries globally. Requires 6-18 months, cross-functional teams, digital tools for ongoing compliance.
CMMI Details
What It Is
Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI) is a globally recognized process improvement framework developed by the Software Engineering Institute and now governed by ISACA. It provides a structured approach to enhance organizational performance through maturity levels and practice areas, applicable to development, services, and acquisition domains. CMMI uses a goal-oriented methodology focusing on institutionalizing effective processes.
Key Components
- **Maturity Levels (0-5)From incomplete to optimizing, assessing organizational progression.
- 25 Practice Areas in v2.0, grouped into 4 Category Areas (Doing, Managing, Enabling, Improving) and 12 Capability Areas.
- **Generic and Specific PracticesEnsure institutionalization and goal achievement.
- **SCAMPI AppraisalsClass A/B/C for benchmarking via authorized lead appraisers.
Why Organizations Use It
- Improves predictability, reduces rework, boosts quality and ROI (e.g., 34% cost reduction).
- Required for defense/government contracts; enhances competitive bidding.
- Mitigates risks in software/IT operations; builds stakeholder trust.
Implementation Overview
Phased approach: assessment, piloting, rollout, appraisal. Suited for mid-to-large enterprises in IT/software. Involves training, tooling, change management; SCAMPI Class A for certification.
Key Differences
| Aspect | ISO 22000 | CMMI |
|---|---|---|
| Scope | Food safety management systems across food chain | Process improvement for development, services, acquisition |
| Industry | Food chain: production, processing, logistics, retail | Software, IT, defense, aerospace, finance, manufacturing |
| Nature | Voluntary certifiable management system standard | Voluntary process maturity improvement framework |
| Testing | Certification audits by accredited bodies, surveillance | SCAMPI appraisals (A/B/C) by authorized lead appraisers |
| Penalties | Loss of certification, market access restrictions | No formal penalties, loss of contract eligibility |
Scope
Industry
Nature
Testing
Penalties
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about ISO 22000 and CMMI
ISO 22000 FAQ
CMMI FAQ
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