K-PIPA
South Korea's regulation for personal data protection
AS9110C
Aerospace standard for aviation maintenance quality management.
Quick Verdict
K-PIPA mandates data privacy for Korean operations with consent and breach rules, while AS9110C certifies aerospace MRO quality via audits and safety controls. Companies adopt K-PIPA for legal compliance, AS9110C for market access and operational excellence.
K-PIPA
Personal Information Protection Act (PIPA)
Key Features
- Mandatory Chief Privacy Officer with independence guarantees
- Granular explicit consent for sensitive data transfers
- 72-hour breach notifications to subjects and regulators
- Extraterritorial reach targeting foreign entities monitoring Koreans
- Revenue-based fines up to 3% annual turnover
AS9110C
AS9110C: Quality Management Systems for Aviation Maintenance
Key Features
- Risk-based thinking in strategic and operational planning
- Configuration management and traceability controls
- Counterfeit and suspect parts prevention
- Human factors in root cause analysis
- Continuing airworthiness and release requirements
Detailed Analysis
A comprehensive look at the specific requirements, scope, and impact of each standard.
K-PIPA Details
What It Is
K-PIPA (Personal Information Protection Act) is South Korea's comprehensive data protection regulation, enacted in 2011 with major amendments in 2020, 2023, and 2024. It governs collection, use, storage, transfer, and destruction of personal information, including sensitive and unique identifiers, for all data handlers—domestic and foreign. Its consent-centric, risk-based approach emphasizes explicit opt-ins, data minimization, and accountability.
Key Components
- Core principles: transparency, purpose limitation, minimization, accuracy.
- Mandatory CPO appointment, granular consents, 10-day data subject rights (access, erasure, portability).
- Security via encryption, access controls; 72-hour breach notifications.
- No fixed controls count; enforced by PIPC with revenue-based fines up to 3%.
Why Organizations Use It
Legal compliance avoids fines (e.g., Google's KRW 70B); enables EU adequacy data flows. Builds trust, supports AI/innovation via pseudonymization, reduces breach risks through governance.
Implementation Overview
Phased: gap analysis, CPO setup, technical controls, training, audits. Applies to all sizes/sectors targeting Koreans; no certification but PIPC guidelines/ISMS-P recommended. Involves data mapping, vendor DPAs, continuous monitoring.
AS9110C Details
What It Is
AS9110C (AS9110:2016 Rev C) is an international aerospace quality management system (QMS) certification standard tailored for aviation maintenance organizations (MROs), such as repair stations. It builds on ISO 9001:2015 using Annex SL structure and PDCA logic, with aviation-specific additions for risk-based thinking, configuration management, and continuing airworthiness.
Key Components
- Core clauses 4–10 covering context, leadership, planning, support, operation, evaluation, improvement.
- Key additions: counterfeit parts prevention, human factors, traceability, product safety, external provider controls.
- No fixed control count; focuses on documented information and process effectiveness.
- Certification via IAQG-accredited bodies, listed in OASIS database.
Why Organizations Use It
- Meets customer/OEM contracts and regulatory alignments (FAA/EASA Part 145).
- Mitigates safety risks, ensures traceability for airworthiness.
- Enhances market access, on-time delivery, customer satisfaction.
- Builds stakeholder trust through auditable QMS.
Implementation Overview
- Phased: gap analysis, process design, training, audits (6-12 months typical).
- Applies to MROs globally, any size.
- Requires internal audits, management review before Stage 1/2 certification.
Key Differences
| Aspect | K-PIPA | AS9110C |
|---|---|---|
| Scope | Personal data protection, consent, rights, breaches | Aerospace MRO quality management, maintenance, safety |
| Industry | All sectors handling Korean data, global reach | Aviation maintenance organizations worldwide |
| Nature | Mandatory data privacy law, PIPC enforcement | Voluntary QMS certification standard |
| Testing | No formal certification, PIPC audits/investigations | Regular internal/external audits, certification |
| Penalties | Fines up to 3% revenue, imprisonment | Loss of certification, no legal penalties |
Scope
Industry
Nature
Testing
Penalties
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about K-PIPA and AS9110C
K-PIPA FAQ
AS9110C FAQ
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