NIS2
EU regulation strengthening cybersecurity for critical infrastructure sectors
RoHS
EU regulation restricting hazardous substances in EEE
Quick Verdict
NIS2 mandates cybersecurity resilience for EU critical sectors via risk management and rapid incident reporting, while RoHS restricts hazardous substances in electronics for environmental safety through material testing. Companies adopt NIS2 for regulatory compliance and cyber defense; RoHS for EU market access and sustainability.
NIS2
Directive (EU) 2022/2555 on critical entity resilience
Key Features
- Expands scope with size-cap rule for medium/large entities
- Mandates strict 24-hour early warning incident reporting
- Imposes direct senior management accountability
- Levies fines up to 2% global annual turnover
- Requires continuous risk management and supply chain security
RoHS
Directive 2011/65/EU (RoHS 2)
Key Features
- Restricts 10 substances at 0.1% in homogeneous materials
- Open scope: all EEE unless specifically excluded
- Requires technical file and EU Declaration of Conformity
- Time-limited exemptions renewed via delegated acts
- Tiered testing: XRF screening and IEC 62321 confirmation
Detailed Analysis
A comprehensive look at the specific requirements, scope, and impact of each standard.
NIS2 Details
What It Is
NIS2 Directive (EU) 2022/2555 is an EU regulation expanding the original NIS Directive to enhance cybersecurity resilience across member states. It targets essential and important entities in broadened sectors like energy, transport, health, and digital services via a size-cap rule (50+ employees or €10M turnover). Adopting a risk-based, all-hazards approach, it mandates proactive measures against cyber threats.
Key Components
- **Four pillarsrisk management, incident reporting, business continuity, corporate accountability.
- Strict timelines: 24-hour early warnings, 72-hour notifications, one-month final reports to CSIRTs.
- Continuous assurance with supply chain security, access controls, encryption.
- Senior management liability; no fixed control count, but aligns with ISO 27001, NIST CSF.
Why Organizations Use It
Legal compliance avoids fines up to 2% global turnover; builds resilience against threats like APTs, ransomware. Enhances trust, operational continuity, cross-border cooperation; strategic for multi-state operations.
Implementation Overview
Enterprise-wide transformation: gap assessments, risk registers, training, supplier audits. Applies to medium/large EU entities in covered sectors; transposition by Oct 2024, with audits/spot checks. Leverage standards for 12-18 month rollout.
RoHS Details
What It Is
RoHS (Directive 2011/65/EU, recast as RoHS 2) is an EU regulation restricting hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) to protect health and environment during waste management. It uses an open-scope approach (all EEE unless excluded) with homogeneous material concentration limits and time-limited exemptions.
Key Components
- Restricts 10 substances (e.g., Pb, Cd, Hg, phthalates) at 0.1% (Cd 0.01%) in homogeneous materials.
- Annexes III/IV for exemptions; updated via delegated acts.
- Built on CE-marking framework with technical documentation and EU Declaration of Conformity (DoC).
- Compliance via risk-based supplier declarations and IEC 62321 testing.
Why Organizations Use It
- Mandatory for EU market access; prevents fines, recalls.
- Enhances recyclability, supply chain integrity, ESG reporting.
- Reduces risks from exemptions expiry, global variants (e.g., China RoHS 2).
- Builds stakeholder trust, competitive edge in sustainability.
Implementation Overview
- Phased: scoping, gap analysis, supplier controls, testing, documentation.
- Applies to manufacturers/importers of EEE; all sizes, global reach.
- No certification; 10-year technical file retention for audits.
Key Differences
| Aspect | NIS2 | RoHS |
|---|---|---|
| Scope | Cybersecurity risk management, incident reporting, resilience | Hazardous substances restriction in EEE materials |
| Industry | Essential/important entities in EU sectors (energy, transport) | Electrical/electronic equipment manufacturers EU-wide |
| Nature | Mandatory EU directive, national transposition, fines | Mandatory EU product regulation, market surveillance |
| Testing | Risk assessments, audits, spot checks by authorities | XRF screening, lab analysis (IEC 62321) of materials |
| Penalties | Up to 2% global turnover or €10M for essential entities | Fines, product recalls, market bans by Member States |
Scope
Industry
Nature
Testing
Penalties
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about NIS2 and RoHS
NIS2 FAQ
RoHS FAQ
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