Standards Comparison

    NIST 800-171

    Mandatory
    2020

    U.S. standard protecting CUI in nonfederal systems

    VS

    GDPR UK

    Mandatory
    2016

    UK regulation for personal data protection compliance

    Quick Verdict

    NIST 800-171 safeguards CUI for US contractors via contract clauses, while GDPR UK mandates personal data protection for all UK processors with hefty fines. Contractors adopt 800-171 for DoD eligibility; others use GDPR UK to avoid multimillion penalties and build trust.

    Controlled Unclassified Information

    NIST 800-171

    NIST SP 800-171: Protecting CUI in Nonfederal Systems

    Cost
    €€€€
    Complexity
    High
    Implementation Time
    12-18 months

    Key Features

    • Safeguards CUI confidentiality in nonfederal systems
    • Mandates SSP and POA&M documentation artifacts
    • Organizes requirements into 17 control families
    • Enables CUI enclave isolation for scoping
    • Supports FedRAMP Moderate cloud equivalence
    Data Privacy

    GDPR UK

    UK General Data Protection Regulation (UK GDPR)

    Cost
    €€€€
    Complexity
    High
    Implementation Time
    12-18 months

    Key Features

    • Seven core processing principles with accountability
    • Data subject rights including erasure and portability
    • Risk-based DPIAs for high-risk processing
    • 72-hour ICO breach notification requirement
    • Fines up to 4% of global annual turnover

    Detailed Analysis

    A comprehensive look at the specific requirements, scope, and impact of each standard.

    NIST 800-171 Details

    What It Is

    NIST SP 800-171 Revision 3 is a U.S. federal cybersecurity framework providing recommended security requirements to protect Controlled Unclassified Information (CUI) confidentiality in nonfederal systems. Its primary scope targets contractors handling CUI, using a control-based approach tailored from SP 800-53 Moderate baseline, emphasizing confidentiality via scoped applicability to CUI-processing components.

    Key Components

    • 97 requirements across 17 families (e.g., Access Control, Audit, Supply Chain Risk Management).
    • Core artifacts: System Security Plan (SSP) and Plan of Action and Milestones (POA&M).
    • Assessment procedures in SP 800-171A r3 (examine/interview/test).
    • Built on FIPS 200, supports tailoring and compensating controls.

    Why Organizations Use It

    Federal contractors require it via DFARS 252.204-7012 for contract eligibility. Benefits include risk reduction, CMMC readiness, supply chain trust, and FedRAMP cloud leverage. Enhances resilience against breaches, boosts competitive bidding.

    Implementation Overview

    Phased approach: scope CUI enclave, gap analysis, implement controls (MFA, SIEM), document SSP/POA&M. Applies to DoD suppliers, scalable by size; audits via self or C3PAO. Timelines 6-36 months.

    GDPR UK Details

    What It Is

    UK General Data Protection Regulation (UK GDPR) is the UK's post-Brexit retained version of EU GDPR, a binding legal regulation enforced by the Information Commissioner’s Office (ICO). It governs personal data processing with a risk-based, accountability-driven approach, applying to UK-established entities and those targeting UK individuals extra-territorially.

    Key Components

    • **Seven principleslawfulness, fairness/transparency, purpose limitation, data minimisation, accuracy, storage limitation, integrity/confidentiality, accountability.
    • Data subject rights (access, rectification, erasure, portability, objection).
    • Controller/processor obligations (RoPAs, contracts, DPIAs, breaches).
    • Principle-based; no fixed controls, emphasizes demonstrable compliance.

    Why Organizations Use It

    • Mandatory compliance avoids fines up to £17.5M or 4% global turnover.
    • Mitigates breach/litigation risks, enhances security.
    • Builds stakeholder trust, supports data-driven innovation, improves efficiency.

    Implementation Overview

    • Phased: governance setup, data mapping (RoPA), policies/contracts, training, DPIAs, monitoring.
    • All sizes/industries processing UK data; ICO audits/enforcement, no certification.

    Key Differences

    Scope

    NIST 800-171
    CUI confidentiality in nonfederal systems
    GDPR UK
    Personal data protection principles and rights

    Industry

    NIST 800-171
    US federal contractors, defense supply chain
    GDPR UK
    All sectors processing UK personal data

    Nature

    NIST 800-171
    Contractual security requirements, recommended
    GDPR UK
    Mandatory regulation with fines

    Testing

    NIST 800-171
    SPRS scoring, CMMC assessments, self/3rd-party
    GDPR UK
    DPIAs, audits, ICO investigations

    Penalties

    NIST 800-171
    Contract ineligibility, no direct fines
    GDPR UK
    Up to 4% global turnover fines

    Frequently Asked Questions

    Common questions about NIST 800-171 and GDPR UK

    NIST 800-171 FAQ

    GDPR UK FAQ

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