PCI DSS
Global standard securing payment cardholder data environments
PDPA
Southeast Asia regulation for personal data protection.
Quick Verdict
PCI DSS secures payment card data contractually for global merchants, mandating audits and scans to prevent fraud. PDPA mandates personal data protection in Singapore via consent, rights, and breach notification. Companies adopt PCI for card processing survival; PDPA for legal compliance and trust.
PCI DSS
Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard
Key Features
- 12 requirements organized into 6 control objectives
- Over 300 granular sub-requirements and testing procedures
- Contractual enforcement by payment brands and banks
- Quarterly ASV scans and annual penetration testing
- Scope reduction via network segmentation and tokenization
PDPA
Personal Data Protection Act 2012
Key Features
- Mandatory Data Protection Officer appointment
- 72-hour data breach notification obligation
- Consent management with withdrawal rights
- Cross-border transfer limitation requirements
- Data subject access and correction rights
Detailed Analysis
A comprehensive look at the specific requirements, scope, and impact of each standard.
PCI DSS Details
What It Is
Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS) is an industry framework for protecting cardholder data. Developed by PCI Security Standards Council, it mandates technical and operational controls for entities storing, processing, or transmitting payment card data. Structured around 12 requirements grouped into 6 control objectives, it uses a control-based approach with risk-informed scoping.
Key Components
- 12 requirements covering network security, data protection, vulnerability management, access controls, monitoring, and policies.
- Over 300 sub-requirements with testing procedures.
- Supports Defined and Customized implementation approaches in v4.0.
- Compliance via SAQ for smaller entities or ROC by QSAs; requires ASV scans.
Why Organizations Use It
- Contractual obligation for merchants/service providers to avoid fines, bans.
- Reduces breach risks/costs (e.g., $37/record average).
- Builds customer trust, enables card processing.
- Enhances overall cybersecurity maturity.
Implementation Overview
- Assess-Repair-Report cycle: scope CDE, gap analysis, remediate, validate.
- Applies globally to all card handlers; levels by transaction volume.
- Costs $5K-$200K+; 3-12 months typical; ongoing quarterly testing.
PDPA Details
What It Is
PDPA (Personal Data Protection Act) is a family of national regulations, primarily Singapore's Personal Data Protection Act 2012, Thailand's PDPA (2019), and variants in Malaysia and Taiwan. These are mandatory data protection laws for organizations handling personal data, focusing on collection, use, disclosure, and security. They adopt a principles-based, risk-proportionate approach balancing individual rights with business needs.
Key Components
- Core obligations: consent/notification, purpose limitation, access/correction rights, security safeguards, retention limits, transfer controls, accountability (e.g., DPO), breach notification.
- 8-10 main principles across regimes, no fixed control count.
- Built on GDPR-like structures with local nuances like deemed consent (Singapore), explicit sensitive data rules (Thailand).
- Compliance via self-assessed DPMP, regulator enforcement, fines up to SGD 1M/THB 5M.
Why Organizations Use It
- Legal compliance to avoid fines, enforcement.
- Risk reduction (breaches, reputational harm).
- Builds trust, enables cross-border business.
- Strategic: data governance for AI/innovation.
Implementation Overview
- Phased: governance, data mapping, policies, controls, training, audits.
- Applies to all orgs processing local data; extraterritorial in Thailand/Taiwan.
- No certification; ongoing audits, DPO appointment.
Key Differences
| Aspect | PCI DSS | PDPA |
|---|---|---|
| Scope | Protects payment card data (CHD/SAD) | Protects all personal data of individuals |
| Industry | Payment processing, merchants, service providers globally | All private sector organizations in Singapore |
| Nature | Contractual standard enforced by card brands | Mandatory national law with PDPC enforcement |
| Testing | Quarterly ASV scans, annual pentests, QSA audits | Self-assessments, DPIAs, internal audits |
| Penalties | Fines, loss of processing privileges | Up to SGD 1M fines, individual liability |
Scope
Industry
Nature
Testing
Penalties
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about PCI DSS and PDPA
PCI DSS FAQ
PDPA FAQ
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