PIPL
China's comprehensive regulation for personal information protection
IEC 62443
International standard for IACS cybersecurity frameworks
Quick Verdict
PIPL mandates personal data protection for China-facing operations with hefty fines, while IEC 62443 provides voluntary IACS cybersecurity standards for industrial resilience. Companies adopt PIPL for legal compliance and market access; IEC 62443 for OT risk reduction and certification.
PIPL
Personal Information Protection Law (PIPL)
Key Features
- Extraterritorial scope targeting Chinese individuals' data processing
- Explicit separate consent for sensitive personal information
- Cross-border transfers via SCCs, certification, security reviews
- Fines up to 5% annual revenue or RMB 50 million
- No legitimate interests basis; consent-first model
IEC 62443
IEC 62443: IACS Security Standards Series
Key Features
- Zones and conduits for risk-based segmentation
- Security levels SL-T, SL-C, SL-A framework
- Shared responsibility model for stakeholders
- Seven foundational requirements FR1-FR7
- ISASecure modular certifications SDLA/CSA/SSA
Detailed Analysis
A comprehensive look at the specific requirements, scope, and impact of each standard.
PIPL Details
What It Is
PIPL (Personal Information Protection Law) is China's comprehensive national regulation, enacted August 2021, effective November 1, 2021. It governs collection, processing, storage, transfer, and deletion of personal information. Applies to domestic and foreign organizations handling data of Chinese individuals, with extraterritorial reach. Employs risk-based approach emphasizing consent, minimization, and security.
Key Components
- 74 articles across 8 chapters: processing rules, cross-border transfers, rights, obligations.
- Core principles: lawfulness, necessity, minimization, transparency, accountability.
- Sensitive personal information (SPI) rules, individual rights (access, deletion, portability).
- Cross-border mechanisms: SCCs, certification, CAC security reviews; no certification model but mandatory audits for large handlers.
Why Organizations Use It
- Mandatory compliance avoids fines up to RMB 50M or 5% revenue.
- Enables market access, builds consumer trust in China's digital economy.
- Mitigates operational risks, enhances resilience via data governance.
- Strategic advantage for MNCs in e-commerce, fintech, healthcare.
Implementation Overview
- Phased framework: gap analysis, data mapping, policies, controls, monitoring.
- Targets multinationals, platforms handling Chinese data.
- Requires PIPO for large-scale processors; CAC reviews for transfers. (178 words)
IEC 62443 Details
What It Is
IEC 62443 is the international standards series (also ISA/IEC 62443) for cybersecurity of Industrial Automation and Control Systems (IACS). It offers a comprehensive, risk-based framework tailored to OT, spanning governance, risk assessment, system architecture, and product development via zones/conduits and security levels (SL 0–4).
Key Components
- Four groupings: General (-1) concepts, Policies (-2) programs, System (-3) requirements, Components (-4) technical specs.
- **Seven Foundational Requirements (FR1–7)IAC, UC, SI, DC, RDF, TRE, RA; mapped to ~140+ SRs/CRs.
- **SL triadTarget (SL-T), Capability (SL-C), Achieved (SL-A).
- ISASecure certifications: SDLA, CSA, SSA.
Why Organizations Use It
- Addresses OT risks (safety, downtime) beyond IT standards.
- Enables shared responsibility (asset owners, integrators, suppliers).
- Meets regulatory references, lowers insurance costs.
- Builds supply chain trust, competitive differentiation.
Implementation Overview
- Phased: CSMS (2-1), risk/zoning (3-2), controls (3-3/4-2), certification.
- For critical infrastructure globally; multi-year with maturity levels (ML1–4).
Key Differences
| Aspect | PIPL | IEC 62443 |
|---|---|---|
| Scope | Personal data protection, processing, transfers | IACS/OT cybersecurity, zones, components |
| Industry | All sectors handling Chinese PI, global reach | Industrial automation, critical infrastructure |
| Nature | Mandatory national law, CAC enforcement | Voluntary consensus standards, certification |
| Testing | DPIAs, compliance audits, security reviews | Risk assessments, SL validation, ISASecure |
| Penalties | Fines to 5% revenue, business suspension | No legal penalties, certification loss |
Scope
Industry
Nature
Testing
Penalties
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about PIPL and IEC 62443
PIPL FAQ
IEC 62443 FAQ
You Might also be Interested in These Articles...
CIS Controls v8.1, Operationalized: Top 10 Reasons Compliance Monitoring Software Accelerates Real-World Implementation
Operationalize CIS Controls v8.1 with compliance monitoring software. Turn checklists into dashboards, tickets, and audit-proof workflows. Top 10 reasons it acc
SOC 2 Trust Services Criteria in Plain English: Side-by-Side Decoder for Security, Availability, and Beyond
Decode AICPA Trust Services Criteria from auditor jargon to plain English with side-by-side tables, analogies & TL;DRs. CISOs & founders: implement SOC 2 contro
Beyond Reactive: Transforming Compliance into Real-Time Threat Prevention
Discover how modern compliance monitoring tools leverage continuous, real-time oversight and automated alerts to shift organizations from reactive problem-solving to proactive threat detection and prevention, safeguarding against emerging risks before they escalate.
Run Maturity Assessments with GRADUM
Transform your compliance journey with our AI-powered assessment platform
Assess your organization's maturity across multiple standards and regulations including ISO 27001, DORA, NIS2, NIST, GDPR, and hundreds more. Get actionable insights and track your progress with collaborative, AI-powered evaluations.
Check out these other Gradum.io Standards Comparison Pages
ISA 95 vs IFS Food
Discover ISA 95 vs IFS Food: Compare enterprise-control integration with food safety standards. Gain insights for seamless manufacturing ops and compliance. Optimize now!
SOC 2 vs ISA 95
Discover SOC 2 vs ISA 95: Compare AICPA security compliance (Trust Criteria, Type 2 audits) with manufacturing integration (Purdue levels, models). Boost IT-OT trust—read now!
ISO 45001 vs POPIA
Explore ISO 45001 vs POPIA: Key differences in OH&S management & data privacy. Integrate for seamless compliance, minimize risks, elevate governance today!