WCAG
Global standard for web content accessibility
GRI
Global standards for impact-based sustainability reporting
Quick Verdict
WCAG ensures web accessibility for disabled users via testable criteria, while GRI mandates sustainability impact disclosures through materiality assessments. Companies adopt WCAG for legal compliance and inclusivity; GRI for stakeholder accountability and ESG transparency.
WCAG
Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.1
Key Features
- POUR principles organize comprehensive accessibility requirements
- Testable success criteria with A/AA/AAA levels
- Technology-agnostic across all web platforms
- Backward-compatible additive version updates
- Normative criteria separate from informative techniques
GRI
Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) Standards
Key Features
- Impact-based materiality assessment process
- Modular Universal, Sector, Topic Standards
- Mandatory GRI Content Index for traceability
- Value chain and supply chain disclosures
- Interoperability with SASB and regulatory frameworks
Detailed Analysis
A comprehensive look at the specific requirements, scope, and impact of each standard.
WCAG Details
What It Is
Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) is the W3C's internationally recognized recommendation for accessible web content. This technology-agnostic framework addresses needs of people with disabilities via testable success criteria under POUR principles (Perceivable, Operable, Understandable, Robust), covering websites, apps, and documents.
Key Components
- POUR principles with 13 guidelines and ~80 success criteria at A/AA/AAA levels.
- Normative requirements (success criteria) separated from informative techniques.
- Conformance requires full pages, complete processes, accessibility-supported tech, non-interference.
Why Organizations Use It
- Aligns with regulations (ADA, Section 508, EN 301 549, EAA).
- Mitigates litigation risks amid surging lawsuits.
- Boosts UX, SEO, conversions, market reach.
- Secures procurement, builds trust.
Implementation Overview
Phased: governance/policy, assessment, remediation via design systems/CI tools, training, audits. Applies universally; uses VPAT/ACR for claims, continuous testing.
GRI Details
What It Is
Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) Standards are a modular framework for sustainability reporting. They provide a global common language for organizations to disclose significant economic, environmental, and social impacts. The primary scope covers impacts on economy, environment, and people via an impact-centric materiality approach, prioritizing actual and potential effects over financial materiality alone.
Key Components
- Universal Standards (GRI 1: Foundation, GRI 2: General Disclosures, GRI 3: Material Topics) for baseline requirements.
- Sector Standards for high-impact industries (e.g., Oil & Gas, Mining).
- Topic Standards (e.g., GRI 403: Occupational Health and Safety) with specific disclosures and metrics. Built on principles like accuracy, balance, verifiability; compliance via "in accordance" claims with GRI Content Index for traceability. No certification, but assurance recommended.
Why Organizations Use It
- Aligns with regulations (e.g., EU CSRD) and investor needs (SASB interoperability).
- Enhances risk management, benchmarking, and stakeholder trust.
- Drives governance of impacts, supply chain due diligence, and decision-useful data.
Implementation Overview
Phased approach: materiality assessment (GRI 3), data architecture, management disclosures, Content Index. Applies to all sizes/industries/geographies; involves cross-functional teams, ESG platforms, optional external assurance.
Key Differences
| Aspect | WCAG | GRI |
|---|---|---|
| Scope | Web content accessibility for disabilities | Sustainability impacts on economy, environment, people |
| Industry | All web-publishing organizations globally | All sectors worldwide, sector-specific standards |
| Nature | Voluntary W3C technical guidelines | Voluntary modular reporting standards |
| Testing | Automated/manual/AT testing, audits | Materiality assessment, data verification, assurance |
| Penalties | Litigation risk, procurement exclusion | Reputational damage, regulatory non-compliance |
Scope
Industry
Nature
Testing
Penalties
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about WCAG and GRI
WCAG FAQ
GRI FAQ
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