EPA
U.S. federal regulations for environmental protection compliance
ISO 27017
International code for cloud security controls
Quick Verdict
EPA enforces mandatory U.S. environmental regulations for pollution control across industries, while ISO 27017 provides voluntary cloud security guidance for providers and customers. Companies adopt EPA for legal compliance; ISO 27017 for ISMS enhancement and procurement trust.
EPA
EPA Standards under 40 CFR Title 40
Key Features
- Multi-layered system: statutes, 40 CFR, permits, enforcement
- Hybrid health-based and technology-based performance standards
- Evidence-driven compliance via monitoring and QA/QC
- Federal-state implementation with national baselines
- Dynamic rulemaking tracked via Regulations.gov dockets
ISO 27017
ISO/IEC 27017:2015
Key Features
- Clarifies shared responsibilities between CSPs and CSCs
- Introduces 7 cloud-specific CLD security controls
- Provides guidance for 37 ISO 27002 controls in cloud
- Addresses multi-tenancy and virtual machine segregation
- Enables customer monitoring of cloud service activities
Detailed Analysis
A comprehensive look at the specific requirements, scope, and impact of each standard.
EPA Details
What It Is
EPA Standards (codified in 40 CFR Title 40) are a family of legally binding federal regulations implementing major environmental statutes like the Clean Air Act (CAA), Clean Water Act (CWA), and Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA). They form multi-layered compliance systems focused on protecting human health and the environment through air, water, and waste controls. The approach combines health-based ambient standards (e.g., NAAQS) with technology-based performance requirements.
Key Components
- Statutory authorities defining mandates.
- Numeric limits, thresholds, and work practices.
- Permitting (NPDES, Title V), monitoring, recordkeeping.
- Enforcement pathways with penalties. Built on federal-state delegation; no central certification but site-specific permits and audits.
Why Organizations Use It
Mandatory for regulated entities to avoid strict liability penalties, operational shutdowns, and criminal risks. Provides risk management, uniform baselines, and innovation incentives. Enhances ESG reputation and stakeholder trust via transparency tools like ECHO.
Implementation Overview
Phased: gap analysis, controls design, monitoring deployment, audits. Applies to industrial facilities across sectors; high complexity due to state variations. Requires ongoing audits, e-reporting; no universal certification but permit compliance.
ISO 27017 Details
What It Is
ISO/IEC 27017:2015 is a code of practice for information security controls based on ISO/IEC 27002 tailored for cloud services. It extends ISO 27001 ISMS with cloud-specific guidance for providers (CSPs) and customers (CSCs), addressing shared responsibilities, multi-tenancy, and virtualization. Its risk-based approach integrates seamlessly into existing security management systems.
Key Components
- Additional implementation guidance for 37 ISO 27002 controls in cloud contexts
- 7 new cloud-specific CLD controls (e.g., segregation, VM hardening, asset removal)
- Covers 14 domains like access control, operations, supplier relationships
- Assessed within ISO 27001 certification, no standalone cert
Why Organizations Use It
- Clarifies shared responsibility model, reducing cloud risks
- Supports regulatory alignment (GDPR, CCPA) and procurement demands
- Builds stakeholder trust, competitive differentiation for CSPs
- Enhances incident prevention via monitoring and isolation
Implementation Overview
- Integrate via risk assessment, update Statement of Applicability
- Implement controls, document processes, train staff
- Applies globally to CSPs/CSCs of all sizes/industries
- Joint audits with ISO 27001 typically 9-12 months
Key Differences
| Aspect | EPA | ISO 27017 |
|---|---|---|
| Scope | Environmental pollution control (air, water, waste) | Cloud-specific information security controls |
| Industry | Manufacturing, energy, waste management, all sectors | Cloud service providers and customers, IT-focused |
| Nature | Mandatory U.S. federal regulations via statutes | Voluntary international code of practice |
| Testing | Self-monitoring, inspections, DMR reporting | ISO 27001 audits with cloud control assessment |
| Penalties | Civil/criminal fines, injunctions, facility shutdowns | No legal penalties, loss of certification |
Scope
Industry
Nature
Testing
Penalties
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about EPA and ISO 27017
EPA FAQ
ISO 27017 FAQ
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