ISO 14064
International standards for GHG quantification, reporting, verification
GRI
Global standards for sustainability impact reporting
Quick Verdict
ISO 14064 provides precise GHG measurement, reporting, and verification rules for credible inventories, while GRI offers modular sustainability standards for disclosing material impacts. Companies adopt ISO 14064 for GHG compliance and GRI for broad stakeholder accountability.
ISO 14064
ISO 14064 Greenhouse gases quantification and reporting
Key Features
- Modular three-part structure for inventories, projects, assurance
- Five core principles ensure relevance, completeness, transparency
- Flexible boundaries with equity share or control approaches
- Scope 1-3 emissions classification and quantification methods
- Risk-based validation/verification at reasonable or limited levels
GRI
Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) Standards
Key Features
- Impact-based materiality process (GRI 3)
- Modular Universal, Sector, Topic Standards
- Mandatory GRI Content Index for traceability
- Broad value chain and supplier disclosures
- Worker participation and OHS management (GRI 403)
Detailed Analysis
A comprehensive look at the specific requirements, scope, and impact of each standard.
ISO 14064 Details
What It Is
ISO 14064 is an international standard family (Parts 1:2018, 2:2019, 3:2019) for GHG quantification, reporting, and assurance. It provides a modular framework for organizations and projects, emphasizing principle-based approaches like relevance and transparency.
Key Components
- **Three partsOrganizational inventories (Part 1), project reductions (Part 2), validation/verification (Part 3).
- **Five principlesRelevance, completeness, consistency, transparency, accuracy.
- Aligned with GHG Protocol; supports Scope 1-3 boundaries.
- Voluntary verification with reasonable/limited assurance levels.
Why Organizations Use It
Drives regulatory compliance (e.g., CSRD, SB-253), investor trust, and decarbonization strategy. Mitigates greenwashing risks, enables carbon markets, and reveals efficiency opportunities. Enhances credibility for stakeholders.
Implementation Overview
Phased approach: governance, boundary setting, data collection, verification. Applies to all sizes/industries globally; integrates with ISO 14001. Involves 6-12 months typically, with third-party audits optional but recommended.
GRI Details
What It Is
GRI Standards, officially the Global Reporting Initiative Standards, are a modular framework for sustainability reporting. Their primary purpose is to enable organizations to disclose significant economic, environmental, and social impacts using an impact-centric materiality approach, prioritizing actual and potential effects on stakeholders over purely financial concerns.
Key Components
- Universal Standards (GRI 1: Foundation, GRI 2: General Disclosures, GRI 3: Material Topics) for baseline requirements.
- Sector Standards for high-impact industries like oil & gas, mining.
- Topic Standards (e.g., GRI 403: Occupational Health & Safety, GRI 308: Supplier Environmental Assessment) with specific disclosures. Built on principles like accuracy, balance, verifiability; compliance via GRI Content Index; no formal certification, but assurance encouraged.
Why Organizations Use It
Drives regulatory alignment (e.g., EU CSRD), stakeholder trust, risk management, and benchmarking. Enhances reputation, capital access, and operational efficiency through comparable data.
Implementation Overview
Phased approach: materiality assessment, data architecture, management disclosures, Content Index creation. Applies to all organization sizes, sectors, geographies; involves governance, stakeholder engagement, and optional external assurance. (178 words)
Key Differences
| Aspect | ISO 14064 | GRI |
|---|---|---|
| Scope | GHG quantification, reporting, verification (org/project) | Broad sustainability impacts (economic, environmental, social) |
| Industry | All sectors worldwide, any organization size | All sectors globally, emphasis on high-impact industries |
| Nature | Voluntary international standard family | Voluntary modular reporting standards framework |
| Testing | Third-party validation/verification (ISO 14064-3) | Independent assurance recommended, content index traceability |
| Penalties | No legal penalties, loss of credibility/certification | No legal penalties, reputational/market risks |
Scope
Industry
Nature
Testing
Penalties
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about ISO 14064 and GRI
ISO 14064 FAQ
GRI FAQ
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