What It Is

ISO 22000:2018 is the international certification standard for Food Safety Management Systems (FSMS). It provides a framework for organizations in the food chain to ensure safe products through hazard control, compliance with regulations, and effective communication. The standard uses a risk-based approach with two nested **PDCA cyclesone for overall FSMS governance and another for operational hazard controls aligned with HACCP principles.

Key Components

• Core elements: context analysis, leadership, planning, support, operation (PRPs, OPRPs, CCPs), performance evaluation, improvement.
• Integrates Codex HACCP, PRPs, traceability, emergency preparedness.
• Built on High-Level Structure (HLS) for integration with ISO 9001/14001.
• Voluntary certification via accredited bodies with staged audits.

Why Organizations Use It

• Demonstrates food safety assurance to customers/regulators.
• Enables market access, supplier qualification, GFSI alignment (e.g., FSSC 22000).
• Reduces risks of recalls, litigation, brand damage.
• Improves efficiency, resilience via systematic controls.

Implementation Overview

• Phased: gap analysis, PRP development, hazard control plan, training, audits.
• Applies to all food chain actors, scalable by size.
• Requires internal audits, management reviews; certification every 3 years with annual surveillance.

What It Is

23 NYCRR Part 500 is the New York Department of Financial Services (NYDFS) cybersecurity regulation mandating minimum standards for financial services entities. It adopts a risk-based approach to protect nonpublic information (NPI) and ensure information system integrity, targeting banks, insurers, and licensees operating in New York.

Key Components

• **14 core requirementsCybersecurity program, policy, CISO appointment, access privileges, MFA, encryption, TPSP oversight, pen testing, incident response.
• Annual risk assessments, 72-hour incident notification, dual CEO/CISO certification by April 15.
• Built on risk assessment foundation; Class A entities face enhanced audits.

Why Organizations Use It

• Mandatory for Covered Entities to avoid multimillion-dollar fines (e.g., Robinhood $30M).
• Drives governance accountability, reduces cyber incidents, strengthens vendor management.
• Builds stakeholder trust, operational resilience, competitive edge in financial sector.

Implementation Overview

Phased: gap analysis, asset inventory, MFA rollout, TPSP contracts, evidence repository. Applies to NY-licensed firms regardless of size; DFS examinations enforce, 5-year record retention required. (178 words)