What It Is

ISO/IEC 42001:2023 is the world's first international standard for establishing, implementing, maintaining, and improving Artificial Intelligence Management Systems (AIMS). It provides a robust, PDCA-based framework using the High-Level Structure (HLS) to govern AI risks and opportunities across the full lifecycle, applicable to any organization regardless of size or sector.

Key Components

• Clauses 4-10 covering context, leadership, planning, support, operation, evaluation, and improvement.
• **Annex A38 AI-specific controls for data, transparency, integrity, and resiliency.
• Built on ISO management system standards like ISO 27001; supports certification via third-party audits.

Why Organizations Use It

• Mitigates AI risks like bias and model drift while enabling innovation.
• Aligns with regulations (e.g., EU AI Act); enhances trust and competitiveness.
• Delivers ROI through cost savings, faster procurement, and reputation gains, as seen in Microsoft and UiPath certifications.

Implementation Overview

• Phased approach: gap analysis, risk assessments (AIIAs), training, and audits (6-12 months typical).
• Universal applicability; integrates with existing ISO systems for efficiency.

What It Is

The UK General Data Protection Regulation (UK GDPR) is the UK's post-Brexit version of the EU GDPR, a binding regulation alongside the Data Protection Act 2018, enforced by the Information Commissioner’s Office (ICO). It protects personal data of UK individuals, applying to controllers/processors established in the UK or targeting UK residents. It uses a risk-based, accountability-driven approach with seven core principles.

Key Components

• **Seven principleslawfulness/fairness/transparency, purpose limitation, data minimisation, accuracy, storage limitation, integrity/confidentiality, accountability.
• Data subject rights: access, rectification, erasure, portability, objection, automated decisions.
• Obligations: RoPA, processor contracts, DPIAs, security, 72-hour breach notification.
• No certification; compliance via demonstrable governance.

Why Organizations Use It

• Mandatory to avoid fines up to £17.5M or 4% global turnover.
• Mitigates risks, builds trust, enables secure data use.
• Supports operations, vendor management, cross-border transfers.

Implementation Overview

Phased: gap analysis, RoPA mapping, policies/contracts, training, DPIAs, monitoring. Applies universally to organizations handling UK data. ICO enforces via audits/fines.